Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points — preventive food-safety system used by supplement manufacturers.

Beta-Hydroxy Beta-Methylbutyrate — a metabolite of leucine that reduces muscle protein breakdown. Most effective in beginners.

Heart Rate Variability — variation between heartbeats. High HRV = good stress recovery. Biomarker for health and recovery.

Traditional heart herb (Crataegus) with vasodilatory and cardiotonic properties. Supports heart function and blood circulation.

Chinese herb (Fo-Ti, Polygonum multiflorum) traditionally used for hair, ageing, and liver. Requires proper preparation.

Nutrient-rich plant protein from hemp seeds with natural omega-3/6 fatty acids, fibre, and minerals. Easily digestible and sustainable.

The genus name of Lion's Mane (Hericium erinaceus). Unique nerve growth stimulation via erinacines — the only mushroom that supports NGF production.

Homocysteine is an amino acid in the blood that at high levels increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and dementia. B vitamins lower homocysteine.

Herb (Humulus lupulus) known from brewing beer, but also a traditional sleep aid. Enhances the effect of valerian.

Biological principle where low doses of a stressor strengthen the organism. Behind the benefits of exercise, fasting, cold exposure, and certain phytochemicals.

Naturally occurring polysaccharide that binds up to 1000 times its own weight in water. Central for skin hydration, elasticity, and joint lubrication.

Natural component in synovial fluid providing lubrication and shock absorption. Oral hyaluronic acid may support joint comfort.